Abstract:
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the breast tissue. It is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Breast cancer developed silently without medical attention, and most cases are discovered during a routine clinic visit. Mortality rates of breast cancer getting improved, but still, the survival rate in the advanced stage getting decreased. Breast cancer is typically diagnosed through a combination of mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment options can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the stage and characteristics of cancer. Chemotherapy considers the gold-standard approach for most cancer types and the modest improvement in both survival rates and toxicity reduction. Wherefore, this article aims to focus on the use of one of the modest drugs that treat advanced breast cancer, which is Alpelisib. Alpelisib is a type of kinase inhibitor that is prescribed alongside fulvestrant to treat advanced or metastatic breast cancer. This treatment is specifically indicated for individuals with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer that has one or more PIK3CA mutations. The most common adverse reactions include (Hyperglycaemia, nausea, rash, diarrhea, fatigue, decreased appetite, vomiting, weight decreased, stomatitis, aPTT prolonged, and alopecia). The recommended dose of alpelisib is 300 mg taken orally, once daily, with food. Currently, there is no data available regarding the potential risks associated with the use of alpelisib in pregnant women. However, animal studies conducted on pregnant rats and rabbits have shown that oral administration of alpelisib during a specific stage of fetal development, known as organogenesis, can lead to negative developmental outcomes, such as post- implantation loss, reduced fetal weights, and an increased likelihood of fetal malformations. There is currently no information available on whether alpelisib is present in human breast milk, how it may affect milk production, or what impact it may have on a breastfed infant. Due to the possibility of serious negative effects on the nursing child, it is recommended that lactating women avoid breastfeeding while undergoing treatment with alpelisib and for at least one week following the final dose. Animal studies have suggested that alpelisib may have negative effects on the fertility of individuals who are capable of reproduction, both males and females. There is no available evidence on the safety or effectiveness of alpelisib in pediatric patients. It is unclear what impact severe renal impairment (characterized by a creatinine clearance rate of less than 30 mL/min) may have on the way alpelisib is processed by the body (its pharmacokinetics). This oral presentation provides detailed information about various aspects of a particular topic, including its mechanism of action, recommended uses, situations where it should not be used, how it affects the body, how it is metabolized, appropriate dosages, and any potential adverse effects.
Audience Take Away Notes:
The audience will be able to know the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Alpelisib and Fulvestrant
The audience will be able to highlight the drug interaction and contraindications of Alpelisib and Fulvestrant
The audience will be able to list the most common side effect of Alpelisib and Fulvestrant
The audience will be able to recognize the overdose sign and symptoms related to Alpelisib and Fulvestrant
The audience will be able to know the warnings and precautions related to Alpelisib and Fulvestrant
