Abstract:
Background: Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity in Ethiopia, where a growing burden of disease meets limited healthcare infrastructure. While clinical management is prioritized, the psychosocial dimensions of the patient experience remain under-explored. This systematic qualitative review synthesizes existing evidence on the psychosocial experiences of cancer patients in Ethiopia, exploring the intersection of cultural, social, and economic factors.
Methods: Guided by the ENTREQ framework and PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase for studies available through April 2025. Qualitative and mixed-methods studies examining emotional, psychological, social, spiritual, or cultural dimensions of cancer in Ethiopia were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist, and data were integrated using a manual thematic synthesis approach.
Results: Ten studies were analyzed, encompassing 240 participants across various cancer types, including breast, cervical, and esophageal cancers. Six interconnected themes emerged: (1) Emotional and Psychological Distress, (2) Self-Stigma and Disruption of Communal Life, (3) Family-Centered Decision-Making and Treatment Delays, (4) Coping Strategies, (5) Financial and Logistical Burdens, and (6) Gendered Impacts on Body Image and Identity.
Conclusions: The evidence suggests a complex interaction between established cultural frameworks and biomedical treatment, a tension further strained by widespread economic instability. These findings underscore the importance of developing family-oriented care models that respect local traditions and integrate community-based spiritual support while simultaneously addressing systemic financial barriers.
Keywords: psychosocial experiences, cancer, Ethiopia, cultural beliefs, financial toxicity, spiritual coping, family decision-making, self-stigma
