Abstract
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The escalating demand for long-duration energy storage underscores the pivotal role of high-performance all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). However, the bottleneck of electrolyte cost and stability impedes large-scale deployment. This keynote addresses the transformative potential of VRFBs, propelled by breakthroughs in high-purity vanadium feedstock synthesis. We present a proprietary molten salt chlorination-distillation process that achieves the direct production of 5N-grade vanadium oxytrichloride (VOCl3). This method offers exceptional purification efficiency and scalability compared to conventional metallurgical routes. Leveraging this ultra-high-purity precursor, we have engineered a novel chlorine-sulfur hybrid electrolyte system. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that this system exhibits comprehensive superiority, including a enhancement in ionic conductivity, a reduction in charge-discharge overpotential, and significantly improved thermal stability and cycling durability over standard sulfate-based electrolytes. The synergistic integration of high-purity materials and optimized electrolyte chemistry not only elevates the energy efficiency and operational lifespan of VRFBs but also charts a viable pathway toward reducing the levelized cost of storage. This work substantiates that material purity and molecular-level electrolyte design are central to unlocking the full potential of vanadium flow batteries for future grid-scale applications.
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