The occurrence of adverse events and complications during cancer treatments can significantly affect a patient’s recovery and overall prognosis. Effective management requires vigilance, early detection, and a multidisciplinary approach to address these challenges. Common issues include treatment-induced toxicities, immune-related adverse effects from therapies like immunotherapy, and unexpected complications such as infections or organ dysfunction. Sharing case studies and real-world experiences helps clinicians understand patterns and refine strategies to minimize risks. Patient education is also crucial in empowering individuals to recognize symptoms early and seek timely care. Research into predictive tools and alternative treatment modalities continues to evolve, aiming to enhance patient safety and improve the therapeutic experience while maintaining the effectiveness of cancer therapies.