Nanotechnology offers groundbreaking solutions in cancer drug delivery, transforming treatment efficacy and safety. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers, enable targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents directly to tumor cells, minimizing systemic toxicity. Multifunctional nanoparticles combine therapeutic, diagnostic, and imaging capabilities, offering a comprehensive approach to cancer care. Stimuli-responsive systems, activated by environmental changes like pH or temperature, ensure precise drug release at tumor sites. Advances in nanoparticle engineering improve drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability, optimizing treatment outcomes. By reducing side effects and enhancing therapeutic precision, nanotechnology holds immense potential to revolutionize cancer therapy, making it more efficient and patient-friendly.