Solid tumors are among the most prevalent cancer types, encompassing organs like the breast, lung, colorectal region, prostate, pancreas, liver, and ovaries. Each tumor type exhibits unique biological and clinical characteristics, influencing diagnosis and treatment approaches. Advances in precision medicine have revolutionized treatment strategies, focusing on genetic mutations and molecular markers specific to these tumors. Multimodal treatments, combining surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, have improved survival rates. However, challenges such as drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity remain. Research is ongoing to develop innovative therapies, including antibody-drug conjugates and personalized medicine techniques. Clinical trials and collaborative research networks play crucial roles in addressing these cancers comprehensively.