Post-treatment monitoring is a crucial aspect of cancer care, focusing on the detection of recurrence or secondary cancers. Regular follow-up appointments, including imaging, blood tests, and physical exams, are designed to catch early signs of relapse. Patients are often monitored for a prolonged period, sometimes years, to ensure timely intervention in case of recurrence. Surveillance also helps to manage late side effects of treatment, including organ damage or secondary cancers caused by radiation or chemotherapy. Personalized surveillance plans, tailored to each patient’s specific cancer type, treatment history, and risk factors, improve the chances of detecting issues before they become life-threatening.