Title : Comparative evaluation of sealing ability and cytotoxicity of bone cement, MTA and biodentin as retro filling material: An in vitro study
Abstract:
The objective of the present study was to compare the sealing ability and cytotoxicity of three different cements namely Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentin, and Bone cement as retrograde filling materials in single rooted teeth. Fifty sound human maxillary central incisors were extracted for periodontal reasons. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups of 10 teeth each; Groups A, B, C were the experimental groups and D,E were the control groups. The root apex sealing ability of MTA was superior to Portland cement, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM), and LC GIC; both root end filling material showed a comparable cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells with MTA. The dye penetration values were found to be significantly higher for MTA i.e., Group B (429.80± 21.72) followed by Bone Cement ( Group A (391.40 ± 37.16) and Biodentin (Group C (361.80± 86.99). All the positive controls showed dye penetrations throughout the cavities thus confirming that root end filling material was necessary to prevent micro leakage. All the negative controls showed no dye penetration. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by using L929 mouse fibroblast cells and it was found that the comparison of optical density values between three different materials (Bone cement, MTA, Biodentin) was carried out and it was observed that the Group C (Biodentin) is more biocompatible or less cytotoxic when compared to Group A (Bone cement) and Group B (MTA) when the experimental groups are not diluted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the newer cement Bone cement with MTA and Biodentin and the results indicated that Bone cement performed well in comparison to MTA and Biodentin and act as a promising retrograde filling material in case of sealing ability and cytotoxicity.
Audience Take Away:
- Periapical surgery needs sectioning of root up to 3 mm and in-depth root end penetration to 2mm. Selecting a retrograde material to obtain a hermetic seal along with biocompatibility is utmost necessary for periapical surgery
- This study gives an insight the advantage of Bone cement which is comparatively a newer cement in field of endodontics however its use in discipline of oral surgery and Orthopedics is well known
- Bone cement has several advantages like it has lower setting time (10-12 mins), Putty like consistency, forms a layer of hydroxyapatite crystals when comes in contact with physiologic fluid and comparable cytotoxicity with MTA and Biodentin
- More of research is necessary of Bone cement in terms of tensile strength and solubility with other cements and this study gives an insight and openings for other research ideas
