Title : Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM) as a unique healthcare model through biodesign inspired translational applications and upgraded business marketing to secure the human healthcare and biosafety
Abstract:
Traditionally a disease has been defined by its clinical presentation and observable characteristics, not by the underlying molecular mechanisms, pathways and systems biology-related processes specific to a particular patient (ignoring persons-at-risk). A new systems approach to subclinical and/or diseased states and wellness resulted in a new trend in the healthcare services, namely, Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM). Despite breakthroughs in research that have led to an increased understanding of PPM-based human disease, the translation of discoveries into therapies for patients has not kept pace with medical need. It would be extremely useful to integrate data harvesting from different databanks for applications such as prediction and personalization of further treatment to thus provide more tailored measures for the patients and persons-at-risk resulting in improved outcomes and more cost effective use of the latest health care resources including diagnostic (companion ones), preventive and therapeutic (targeted molecular and cellular) etc.
Translational researchers, bio-designers and manufacturers are beginning to realize the promise of PPM, translating to direct benefit to clinical practice. For instance, companion diagnostics tools, theranosticums, molecular imaging and targeted therapies represent important stakes for the Biopharma in terms of market access, of return on investment and of image among the prescribers. So developing the next-generation medicines and diagnostic tools requires changes to traditional clinical trial designs, that result in new types of data. Making the best use of those innovations and being ready to demonstrate results for regulatory bodies requires specialized knowledge that many clinical development teams do not have.
PPM has revolutionized also oral health and disease management by enabling tailored treatment approaches based on individual genetic, molecular, and microbiome profiles. For instance, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, incorporating Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), have enhanced tissue healing and repair in dental procedures. By embracing PPM resources, preventive screening, and the strategic use of micronutrients and targeted drugs, dental care can become more effective, reducing the incidence of oral diseases and improving patient outcomes. Utilizing biomarkers and point-of-care technologies, clinicians can improve early diagnostic accuracy and tailor treatments to individual needs. By integrating patient-specific genetic, molecular, and pharmacogenomic data into clinical processes, this emerging paradigm in dentistry known as PPM-guided dentistry in completely changing the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of oral illnesses. The strategy makes use of technologies including salivary biomarkers, next-generation sequencing, and genome-wide association studies to facilitate earlier identification, more precise risk assessment, and tailored treatment plans. Bridging oral and systemic health is emphasized as a key strategy to enhance patient quality of life, underscoring the need for ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration in dentistry.
PPM-guided dentistry is a data-driven approach that classifies patients into subgroups that allow tailored treatments and interventions - the success of this approach depends on its ability to be predictive, preventive, personalized and prophylactic. PPM-guided dentistry is thus an innovative concept within the current development of medicine, supported by genomic and OMICS diagnostic techniques. These are diagnostic tools that allow pre-early detection of alterations with a partial or total genetic basis and that give meaning to the clinical manifestations or phenotypes. Future research and biodesign-driven applications should focus on refining immunotherapy applications, expanding microbiome-targeted treatments, and improving computational modeling for PPM-guided care. Healthcare is undergoing a transformation, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of PPM. And it is urgently needed to to discover, to develop and to create new (targeted and/or smart/intelligent) drugs. And with the support of nanotechnology, new targeted therapeutic agents and biomaterials, or aid the development of assays for disease biomarkers and identification of potential biomarker-target-ligand (drug) tandems to be used for the targeting, PPM is making phenomenal steps in the future to come. This is the reason for developing global scientific, clinical, social, and educational projects in the area of PPM and design-driven translational medicine to elicit the content of the new trend. The latter would provide a unique platform for dialogue and collaboration among thought leaders and stakeholders in government, academia, industry, foundations, and disease and patient advocacy with an interest in improving the system of healthcare delivery on one hand and drug discovery, development, and translation, on the other one. So, the Grand Change and Challenge to secure our Health and Wellness are rooted not in Medicine, and not even in Science! Just imagine WHERE?! In the upgraded Hi-Tech Culture!
Keywords: Personalized & Precision Medicine, Biomarkers, Targets, Nanoparticles, Nanocarriers, Nanotheranostics, Nanobiomedicine, Nanotechnologies
