Nowadays tumour heterogeneity is becoming recognized not only at phenotype, but also at molecular level, is dictating patient’s specific response to therapy, and in future the treatments have to become more individualized to increase patients’ survival. However, the c [....] » Read More
Radiation oncology is based on the use of ionizing radiation sources which deliver a prescribed dose to the identified tumour. The source may irradiate the tumour from outside by external radiation or, the tumour is exposed to the radiation emitted by a radionuclide, which is inc [....] » Read More
When NSC-631570 has been used in clinic, it was observed that the patients treated with this drug tolerate the concomitant radiotherapy much better. The adverse effects of this aggressive treatment modality were significantly reduced to minimal. This gave reason to study radiopro [....] » Read More
S tromal cells and growth factors play important roles during tumor initiation and progression. Growth factors not only mediate normal biological processes such as development and tissue repair but also tumorigenesis by contributing to proliferation and transformation in neoplast [....] » Read More
Background: Several non-randomized studies have investigated gemcitabine-based neo-adjuvant treatments followed by surgery in BR-PDAC. We aimed to explore the effectiveness of this treatment on overall survival (OS) in resected patients. Methods: A computerized search of PubMed, [....] » Read More
Pancreatic cancer is currently the 4th cause of death by cancer in Europe as well as in the US, where there have been 55,440 new cases and an estimated 44,330 deaths in 2018. Despite the different therapeutic strategies currently available, the overall 5-year survival remains 8%. [....] » Read More
EMT and its reverting process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), are physiological processes occurring during embryonic development and tissue remodelling that confer plasticity to cancer cells. It has been suggested that EMT and cell plasticity could be responsible for the [....] » Read More
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type for men and also shows a high mortality. The current treatment of prostate cancer involves active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and chemotherapy. However, all these approaches involv [....] » Read More
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) and optimism are different health domains that have been proven as important prognosis factors in cancer patients. A number of studies, in turn, have explored income and medical insurance coverage as predictors of the health domains. As previ [....] » Read More
Purpose: Describing of methodology of a SOAI in organ-preserving treatment of children with an intraocular retinoblastoma and demonstrating the various ways of alkylating agent delivery to a tumor. Materials and methods: 316 SOAI procedures to 110 children (129 eyes) have been p [....] » Read More
Head and neck malignancy is a very common cancer among Indian males. This is attributable to common habit of chewing Tobacco, Gutkha, beetel and beetel nuts etc. Presentation is ususally at advanced stage. Quiet often surgery is ruled out due to advanced stage. Options for manage [....] » Read More
Cancer has the highest incidence according to other diseases nowadays. Various mechanisms take part in carcinogenesis, one of these mechanisms is small non-coding RNAs. Various studies and researchers determined that small non-coding RNAs are the novel and key molecules of cancer [....] » Read More
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent primary malignancy of the central nervous system. Despite the clinical management, patients succumb to the disease in 12 to 18 months after initial diagnosis, while for recurrent glioblastoma life expectancy is reduced to 6 months. Gli [....] » Read More
Our previous results suggest that Wwox-deficient cells exhibit increased survival of ionizing radiation-induced double strand breaks. To determine if the IR resistance of Wwox-deficient cells persists in vivo, Wwox-induced (231/Wwox-pos) and Wwox-deficient (231/Wwox-neg) breast c [....] » Read More
Introduction: The use of chemotherapy as well as disease specific factors have been recognized as the main predisposing factors for life-threatening opportunistic infection among patients with hematological malignancy, which often presents as fever. Among the viral infectious com [....] » Read More
Background: Accurate three dimensional dosimetry is essential in modern radiotherapy techniques such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). In this research work, the PRESAGE® dosimeter was used as quality assurance tool f [....] » Read More
Title : Precision medicine in cancer treatment and prevention
Lucio Miele, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
Recent advances in our understanding of cancer biology and genetics have led to the development of numerous genomic tests exploring somatic and germline mutational profiles as well as gene expression signatures for clinical use. Somatic mutation panels and gene expression signatu [....] » Read More
Title : Performance of an optimized oral rinse pointof-care assay to aid in the diagnosis of oral cancer
Elizabeth Franzmann, Vigilant Biosciences, United States
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cause of cancer mortality. The ability to detect HNSCC an earlier stage could have significant impact on overall outcome. Previous studies demonstrated that a point-of-care (POC) lateral flow assay and an ELISA [....] » Read More
Title : Immunotherapy in lung cancer patients: Benefits and costs
Rossana Berardi, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
Lung cancer is the leading cause of tumour-related death, in both sexes. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the most frequent histological subtype including adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In the past decades, despite the development of new treatment option [....] » Read More
Title : Lung cancer screening: Simplifying the shared decision making process
Mark S Parker, VCU Medical Center, United States
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women, not only in the U.S., but worldwide. For decades, lung cancer was the sole cancer among the top four deadliest cancers without an evidence-based screening method for decreasing mortality. This changed Nove [....] » Read More
Title : The interface of breast cancer and diabetes: Practical options to manage weight gain in women at high-risk for breast cancer
Victoria Seewaldt, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States
Although diabetes, obesity, and breast are distinct diseases, they do not occur in isolation. At our City of Hope Clinics, many of our premenopausal patients who are at risk for breast cancer also have pre-diabetes (insulin resistance). Insulin resistance occurs when cells stop r [....] » Read More
Title : Prevalence of HPV and HPV-related dysplasia in elderly women
Annika Lindstrom, CKF Dalarna, Uppsala University, Sweden
Despite a high incidence of cervical cancer (CC) in women over the age of 60, elderly women are not included in the screening programs for cervical cancer prevention. In Sweden, about 30% of CC cases occur in women over 60 and the mortality rate is about 70% in this age group. Ce [....] » Read More
Title : Electrochemotherapy as a new approach on pancreatic cancer and on liver metastases
Francesco Izzo, National Cancer Institute of Naples, Italy
Electrochemotherapy is a local non-thermal treatment for cancer ablation. Currently, many studies and case report have investigated the differences in effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with respect to tumor type, chemotherapeutic drug, and route of drug administration. ESOPE t [....] » Read More
Title : Monitoring of antifungal therapy using 18FDG-PET/CT in patients with acute leukemia: 2 case reports
Jerome paillassa, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d’Angers, France
CASE 1: A 65-year old man was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and was treated with an intensive chemotherapeutic regimen. During induction phase, the patient developed pulmonary mucormycosis. This diagnosis was made thanks to CT scan and bronchoalveolar lavage. A [....] » Read More
Title : Stereotatic body radiotherapy for liver metastases: A Single-Institute experience in Taiwan
Yaoru Huang, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
Purpose: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been increasingly used for liver metastases which are unresectable or not suitable for other local therapy. Although burgeoning literature has been discussing SBRT for liver metastases, most SBRT to liver metastases requires fidu [....] » Read More
Title : Anatomic options of vessels and hemodynamic redistribution of the blood flow at the selective ophthalmic arterial infusion (SOAI) at children with the intraocular retinoblastoma
Igor Pogrebniakov, SRI of Clinical and Experimental Radiology of N.N.Blokhin CRC, Russian Federation
Purpose: Describing of methodology of a SOAI in organ-preserving treatment of children with an intraocular retinoblastoma and demonstrating the various ways of alkylating agent delivery to a tumor. Materials and methods: 316 SOAI procedures to 110 children (129 eyes) have been p [....] » Read More
Title : CXCR4 and RANK as a predictor bone metastasis in breast cancer
Erwin Danil Yulian, University of Indonesia,, Indonesia
Until recently, among any cancer in women, breast cancer has the highest prevalence and incidence. Bone metastasis is more common than visceral metastasis in breast cancer. Patients with bone metastasis have better overall survival but consume high cost for treatment. Because of [....] » Read More
Title : Role of 9 Fluorenone in regulation of cancer stem cell properties through direct targeting of a mesenchymal stem cells marker TAZ
Surajit Pathak, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, India
Cancer stem cells (CSC) generally acquire the features that are related to the normal stem cells. In the study of CSCs, the role of Tafazzin (TAZ) gene has been looked into in the past decade. TAZ serves to be a downstream effector in the Hippo signalling pathway and increased TA [....] » Read More
Title : Molecular markers in low-grade glioma: Correlative analysis of NRG trials
Joshua D Palmer, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, United States
Gliomas are a heterogeneous group of primary tumors and have recently undergone improved classification with molecular markers in the new 2016 WHO classification. I will present the molecular marker data from prospective NRG trials (RTOG 0424 and 9802) performed by the Chakravart [....] » Read More
Title : Immunocytochemical negativity of HPV L1 proteins in ASCUS or LSIL can predict higher grade CIN
Joo Hee Yoon, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea, Republic of
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunocytochemical expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 capsid protein in patients with atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS), and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) at high risk of HPV [....] » Read More
Title : Potential chemotherapeutic agent haemanthamine affects the anticancer effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor in ovarian cancer cells
Martina Seifrtova, Charles University, Czech Republic
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been found to cause growth arrest and apoptosis of many malignant cells and its antitumor activity has been linked to their ability to induce gene expression through the increased acetylation of histones. In present-day medicine the HDA [....] » Read More
Title : The human papillomavirus E6 protein targets apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) for degradation
Masaru Shimada, Yokohama City University, Japan
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a flavoprotein that, upon translocation to the nucleus, induces DNA fragmentation, leading to apoptosis via a caspase-independent pathway. This study demonstrates that the E6 component of human papillomavirus (HPV) inhibits this activity. E6 is [....] » Read More
Title : Development of novel radioprotective agents based on small molecule inhibitors
Radim Havelek, Charles University, Czech Republic
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used as a component of anticancer therapy for a wide range of cancers. At present, it is estimated that half of all cancer patients will receive radiotherapy during the course of their treatment for cancer. The therapeutic activity of ionizing r [....] » Read More
Title : Exosomal gastrokine 1 is a theragnostic target for gastric cancer
Jung Hwan Yoon, The Catholic University, Korea, Republic of
GKN1 is a stomach-specific protein which is produced by gastric mucus-secreting cells and secreted onto the apical cell surface. Previouly, we reported that GKN1 plays important roles in maintaining mucosal homeostasis, and in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. He [....] » Read More
Title : Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)/anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) induces the apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells
Miyoung Park, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea, Republic of
Background: Most gynecologic tumors originate from Müllerian ducts, which develop into the Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, proximal vagina, and from the surface epithelium of the ovary. Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS), also known as anti-Müllerian hormone (AM [....] » Read More
Title : Brain connectivity changes after transient stroke: Using fMRI and DTI
Chae Ri Park, Asan Medical Center (AMC), Korea, Republic of
S troke impairs neuro-function in the brain system and causes functional disabilities. Functional recovery mostly occurs even after a severe stroke, however, changes in the brain connectivity that underlie such recovery are poorly studied. In current study, using rat MCAO models, [....] » Read More
Title : Radio-sensitizing effect of low-dose acetaminophen
Youn Kyoung Jeong, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea, Republic of
Acetaminophen (APAP) is widely used to treat pain and to reduce fever, while APAP overdose causes hepatic centrilobular necrosis. Recent studies have reported that APAP alone or combined with chemotherapy inhibited cell proliferation in various cancer cells and xenografts. Howeve [....] » Read More
Title : Development of novel radioprotective agents based on small molecule inhibitors
Jan Marek, Faculty Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used as a component of anticancer therapy for a wide range of cancers. At present, it is estimated that half of all cancer patients will receive radiotherapy during the course of their treatment for cancer. The therapeutic activity of ionizing r [....] » Read More