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Epigenetics plays a significant role in the regulation of gene expression in cancer. Unlike genetic mutations, which involve changes to the DNA sequence itself, epigenetic changes involve modifications to the chromatin structure, influencing gene activation or silencing. These modifications can be influenced by environmental factors such as diet, stress, and exposure to carcinogens. In cancer, epigenetic alterations can result in the activation of oncogenes or the silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Researchers are exploring epigenetic therapies that aim to reverse these changes, offering a new avenue for cancer treatment. By targeting the epigenome, it is possible to restore normal gene expression and inhibit cancer cell growth.
