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Pulmonary cancer, commonly referred to as lung cancer, is a malignancy originating in the lung tissues, standing as one of the most widespread and lethal forms of cancer worldwide. Two main categories, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), encompass lung cancer. Tobacco smoke, notably direct or secondhand exposure, stands as the primary cause of lung cancer. Additional risk factors encompass occupational exposure to carcinogens like asbestos and radon gas, coupled with a familial predisposition to lung cancer. Symptoms of lung cancer, including persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and unexplained weight loss, can vary. Detecting the disease early proves challenging, given that symptoms often manifest in later stages. Treatment options for lung cancer hinge on factors such as type, stage, and overall patient health. Approaches may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Unfortunately, the prognosis for lung cancer is frequently grim due to diagnoses occurring in advanced stages. Preventive measures primarily center around avoiding tobacco smoke and minimizing exposure to environmental carcinogens. The most effective means of risk reduction remains smoking cessation. In summary, pulmonary cancer poses a considerable global health threat, with smoking as the primary contributor. While early detection and evolving treatment methods are pivotal for better outcomes, prevention through lifestyle changes, particularly quitting smoking, remains paramount in the ongoing battle against lung cancer.
