Radiation therapy, alternatively referred to as Radiotherapy, involves the application of concentrated radiation doses to eliminate cancer cells.This form of treatment is commonly employed to either eliminate cancer cells or shrink tumors before surgery, alleviate symptoms, or as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan. During radiation therapy, ionizing radiation is directed at the specific area of the body where cancer cells are present. The radiation damages the DNA within the targeted cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. While normal cells can also be affected by radiation, they typically have a better ability to recover. The goal is to maximize the impact on cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Patients undergoing radiation therapy may receive treatment externally or internally, depending on the type and location of the cancer. External beam radiation involves directing radiation from outside the body using a machine, while internal radiation, or brachytherapy, involves placing a radioactive source directly into or near the tumor. The treatment plan is carefully tailored to each individual, taking into account the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Radiation therapy is often used in conjunction with other cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, to enhance its effectiveness. While radiation therapy can be a crucial component in cancer management, it may be associated with side effects. These can vary depending on the specific treatment and the part of the body being treated. Common side effects may include fatigue, skin changes, and temporary discomfort in the treated area. Healthcare providers work closely with patients to manage these side effects and ensure the best possible outcome. In conclusion, radiation therapy plays a vital role in the comprehensive approach to treating cancer. Its targeted application of radiation helps control or eliminate cancer cells, offering patients a chance for better outcomes and improved quality of life.