Title : Hegazy theory for interpretation of human parthenogenesis: A new hypothesis
Abstract:
Pathogenesis is a mysterious process that occurs very rarely in humans. Despite extreme rarity of its occurrence, the idea should be dismissed at all. Here, we attempt to explain how this rare phenomenon occurs. Understanding this event may help develop a way to start the development of an egg into a new embryo without fertilization as well as interpretation for pathogenesis of some abnormalities occurring in ovary such as ovarian teratoma. After the first meiosis of a primary oocyte with a diploid number “23 pairs” of chromosomes that occurs cyclically after female sexual puberty, two cells emerge: a secondary oocyte and a first polar body (FPB). Each cell contains a haploid number of chromosomes "23". The two cells are placed together within the zona pellucida. Under normal conditions, FPB decomposes. However, it is suggested that in some cases the two cells may fuse together to form a single cell that restores the diploid number of chromosomes and initiates cell division to form a new organism. This may occur as a result of a defect in the membrane of the egg cell, which may fuse with the membrane of FPB. In this case, the newly formed organism carries the same mother's chromosomes; therefore, the new offspring will be female in sex like the mother. In this case, the new organism is similar to the clone in that it is of the same sex as the original individual to be cloned but is not typical. This is because somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is cloned into enucleated oocyte whose nucleus is discarded, and all of the original chromosomes are represented in the new organism without the expected exchange or changes. However, in the case of oogenesis, the exchange of genetic material can occur through the prophase of meiosis resulting in a redistribution of maternal chromosomes ensuring genetic variance. This theoretical explanation remains in need of further studies to confirm or rule out this trend.
