Dental Pulp Capping

Dental pulp capping is a crucial procedure in conservative dentistry aimed at preserving the vitality of the dental pulp and preventing the progression of pulpitis. It involves the application of a medicament directly onto exposed or nearly exposed pulp tissue, typically following the removal of carious lesions. The primary objective is to stimulate dentin formation and facilitate the healing of the pulp, creating a protective barrier against bacterial invasion. Two main types of dental pulp capping are employed: direct pulp capping for small exposures, and indirect pulp capping for cases where the pulp is in close proximity but not directly exposed. Traditional materials like calcium hydroxide have been widely used for their antimicrobial properties and ability to induce dentin bridge formation. However, recent advances have introduced alternative materials, such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), known for its superior sealing ability and biocompatibility. Dental pulp capping represents a conservative approach to maintaining pulp vitality, and ongoing research aims to refine techniques and explore new materials to enhance success rates and improve patient outcomes.