Oral Cavity

The oral cavity is a part of the oral and maxillofacial area located in the central area of the face and in the cranial-facial area of the head. It is composed of the teeth, the gums, the tongue, the salivary glands, and the oral mucosa. The oral cavity is essential for the proper functioning of the human body and is used as a portal for food, oxygen, and nutrients to enter the body. The oral cavity also serves as an important part of communication, allowing us to create speech. The oral cavity contains many structures that, when combined, allow the body to properly digest and consume food and oxygen, protect the teeth and gums from external debris and damage, provide immunity to the body, and aid in the communication process. Teeth are the primary element of which the oral cavity is composed. Teeth come in 3 sets of 32; adult teeth, baby teeth, and wisdom teeth. Each tooth is covered and protected by enamel, a hard calcified substance that can last a lifetime. The gum tissue consists of the mucosa that makes up the gums and periodontium that helps support the teeth and keep them in place. The tongue is another important component of the oral cavity. It is made up of muscles, connective tissue, energy-producing tissues like taste buds, and its main role is to help with the process of swallowing. Salivary glands are also a part of the oral cavity and they produce saliva which aids in digestion, coats the teeth and gums with natural protection, and helps with the process of breaking down food. The oral cavity plays an important role in our daily lives in many ways. It allows us to eat and drink, speak, and create sound. It also plays a role in immunity and is the first line of defense against infection. Furthermore, it plays a role in our physical appearance. Thus, it is imperative to take good care of the oral cavity by practicing good oral hygiene habits such as brushing and flossing regularly. Regular visits to the dentist and use of mouthwash are also recommended. Taking proper care of the oral cavity can help ensure that the teeth, gums, and mucosa remain healthy and functional.