Smart Materials for Energy and Environment

Smart materials quickly change their physical characteristics in response to environmental stimuli. They have uses in electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, memory, and other fields, and they are a component of equipment that propels current information technology advancements. For the benefit of the readers, this study provides information on the use of shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, and magnetostrictive materials. The architectural perspective is also defined in order to evaluate how architecture could improve given the development of intelligent materials. Methods: In the field of civil engineering, there is a need to focus on the scientific application of intelligent structural mechanics in the planning, building, and maintenance of infrastructure. Due to the fact that they allow for remote energy consumption measurement, smart metres are crucial parts of next-generation buildings.