Abstract:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of hyperandrogenism in girls and women. According to the commonly used Rotterdam criteria, the incidence of PCOS in women ranges from 3% to 26%, and in adolescents, it is about 8%. Clinically hyperandrogenism is manifested by severe acne, scanty or infrequent menstruations, and male hirsutism. Skin changes in the form of acanthosis nigricans, lowering of the voice pitch, and depressive syndromes are also often visible. Laboratory tests show borderline or slightly elevated testosterone, androstenedione and DHEA-S levels. Ultrasound examination of the ovaries often reveals their multifollicular structure and increased volume.
The initial diagnosis of PCOS can be made in adolescence. Apart from endocrine and reproductive disorders, metabolic changes are often observed in PCOS patients: increased insulin concentration, insulin resistance, and even type 2 diabetes. Moreover, lipid disorders are present. Weight loss is an important component of the management of adolescent patients with PCOS.
Obese adolescents with PCOS have more a severe metabolic and hormonal profile than normal-weight adolescents with PCOS. In particular, visceral obesity and excess adipose tissue exacerbate Insulin Resistance, dyslipidemia, and hormonal disorders. The presentation on NUTRITION 2024 conference will focus on the research outcomes description, which was conducted in adolescent patients with PCOS.
