Lung Diseases Affecting the Air Sacs 

• Tuberculosis
• Emphysema
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Pneumoconiosis

Lung diseases are among the most frequent medical problems worldwide. Lung disease affects tens of millions of people in the United States alone. The majority of lung disorders are caused by smoking, infections, and genes. Your lungs are a complicated system that expands and contracts hundreds of times every day to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. Lung illness can develop when any portion of the respiratory system is compromised. Your windpipe (trachea) divides into bronchi, which branch into smaller tubes that run throughout your lungs. Your airways branch into tiny tubes (bronchioles) that lead to alveoli, which are clusters of air sacs. The majority of your lung tissue is made up of these air sacs. Respiratory function, or the ability to breathe, and pulmonary function, or how well the lungs perform, can both be affected by lung disease. Lung infections, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, cause a variety of illnesses. Other lung disorders, such as asthma, mesothelioma, and lung cancer, are linked to environmental causes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and chronic bronchitis are all examples of chronic lower respiratory disorders. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the top causes of death in the United States. Asthma and COPD are respiratory illnesses that cause airways to constrict or block, reducing airflow.