Cryospheric Science

Cryospheric science is the multidisciplinary study of permafrost, snow, and ice on Earth's surface, as well as other planets and moons. Sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground are all part of the cryosphere, which comprises sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground (which includes permafrost). As a result, there is a significant overlap with the hydrosphere. The cryosphere is a major aspect of the global climate system, as it influences surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, and atmospheric and oceanic circulation, resulting in critical connections and feedback. The cryosphere has a considerable impact on global climate and climate model responses to global changes as a result of these feedback processes. Ice covers about ten percent of the Earth's surface, although this is fast diminishing. The retreat of cryospheric characteristics is referred to as deglaciation. The study of cryospheres is known as cryology.

• Impacts of Climate Change on the Cryosphere
• Theoretical Considerations
• Numerical Modelling
• Remote Sensing
• Future Predictions
• Cryology