Application of Genomic Techniques in Model Organisms

A model organism (commonly abbreviated to model) is a non-human species that has been intensively studied in order to better understand specific biological phenomena, with the hope that discoveries made in the model organism would lead to new understanding of the workings of other creatures. When human experimentation is either impossible or immoral, model organisms are commonly used to study human disease. The shared descent of all living organisms, as well as the conservation of metabolic and developmental processes and genetic material throughout evolution, make this technique conceivable. For cutting-edge biological research, technological advancements are critical. Genome editing, in particular, is the process of altering the nucleotides of the genome in cultured cells or living organisms using engineered nucleases. The use of genetics, and now genomics, to model organisms continues to be extremely successful in identifying and describing DNA elements and mechanisms involved in major biological processes like development, cell cycle, and cell signalling. In genetics, model organisms have characteristics such as short life cycles and a high fertility rate. They are dependable cosmopolitan laboratory experiment resources.