Human nutrition is the study of how food and nutrients impact our health and well-being. It encompasses the processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion of nutrients by the body. Essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water, are necessary for proper bodily functions and overall health. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats is crucial for optimal nutrition. Each nutrient plays a unique role in maintaining various bodily functions, such as energy production, tissue repair, immune function, and hormone regulation.
Poor nutrition can lead to various health issues, including obesity, malnutrition, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and deficiencies in essential nutrients. It's essential to understand individual dietary needs based on factors such as age, gender, activity level, and underlying health conditions. Nutritional guidelines, such as the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, provide recommendations for healthy eating patterns to promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Additionally, nutrition education and counseling are essential tools for promoting healthy dietary habits and preventing nutritional deficiencies and related health problems.