Diet is a significant lifestyle factor and the single most modifiable predictor of noncommunicable disease risk, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and several malignancies. Nutrition plays a significant and well-known function in health maintenance. Nutrigenetics is the science of identifying and characterising gene variants linked to differences in nutritional response, as well as linking this variation to various disease states, particularly cancer. This is due to the fact that cancer accounts for a large fraction of total morbidity and mortality in adults around the world, according to epidemiological data. There is a lot of evidence that genetic variables play a big role in cancer development; these genetic factors, like DNA instability and gene changes, are influenced by nutrition.
Nutrigenomics is a new science that tells us what specific diets tell your genes. Nutrigenomics is a new study that looks at a specific area of nutrition by using molecular techniques to search for and analyze the various reactions elicited by a particular diet in individuals and populations. Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics are fields of study that look at the relationship between nutrients and genes. However, the processes of interactions between foods and genes that impact the risk of disease development clearly distinguish them. Nutrigenomics also describes the impact of all aspects of nutrients on gene expression, including food-based, dietary restriction, and nutritional supplemental agents. This will focus attention on the impact of nutrients across the genome on the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome in cells, tissues, and organisms. Furthermore, it will identify and confirm genes that influence the risk of diet-related disorders.