Metabolic stress responses are adaptive mechanisms activated by various stressors, including nutritional changes, physical activity, and environmental factors. These responses are essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body when faced with challenges such as fasting, high-intensity exercise, or caloric surplus. During these stressful periods, the body releases key hormones like cortisol and adrenaline to mobilize energy reserves, promoting processes such as glucose production and fatty acid oxidation. While acute metabolic stress can enhance performance and adaptation, chronic metabolic stress may lead to adverse effects, including insulin resistance, inflammation, and increased risk for chronic diseases. Understanding these complex responses is vital for nutritional research, as it aids in developing strategies to optimize health, balance nutrient intake, and manage the impacts of stressors on metabolic health.