Micronutrient-related malnutrition occurs when the body lacks essential vitamins and minerals, leading to widespread health issues, particularly in developing regions. Deficiencies in micronutrients like iron, vitamin D, iodine, and zinc can cause serious health problems, including anemia, weakened immunity, and developmental delays in children. This type of malnutrition is often called "hidden hunger" because the outward symptoms are not always visible, but the consequences can be long-term and severe. Fortifying common foods, such as adding iron to flour or vitamin A to cooking oil, is a widely used strategy to combat these deficiencies. Supplementation programs and improved access to nutrient-rich foods are also critical interventions. Current research focuses on improving bioavailability, exploring sustainable food fortification methods, and tailoring public health programs to target high-risk populations more effectively.