Nutrient bioactivity refers to the physiological effects that bioactive compounds in foods exert on the body beyond basic nutrition. These compounds, which include vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and antioxidants, can influence health by modulating biochemical pathways, enhancing immune function, and reducing inflammation. Research into nutrient bioactivity helps to identify specific dietary components that contribute to disease prevention and health promotion. For example, flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables have been shown to improve cardiovascular health and cognitive function. Understanding the mechanisms behind nutrient bioactivity can inform dietary recommendations and guide the development of functional foods aimed at optimizing health and preventing chronic diseases.