Nutrition is pivotal in managing diabetes by regulating blood glucose levels and preventing complications. A diabetic diet typically includes low glycemic index foods, high fiber from vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein, helping control blood sugar spikes. Research has shown that diets like the Mediterranean and DASH diet can improve insulin sensitivity, while recent studies explore intermittent fasting and plant-based diets for their potential in controlling type 2 diabetes. Nutritional strategies for diabetes also address the prevention of cardiovascular disease, a common complication, by focusing on healthy fats and limiting refined sugars. Researchers are investigating the impact of micronutrients such as magnesium and chromium, which play roles in insulin action and glucose metabolism. Effective nutritional interventions not only aid in managing diabetes but also improve overall quality of life by reducing the risk of long-term complications.