The role of nutrition in disease prevention is one of the most crucial aspects of public health and nutritional research. Proper nutrition can prevent or mitigate various diseases, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, certain cancers, and osteoporosis. Nutritional disease prevention emphasizes the importance of balanced eating patterns rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Nutrients like antioxidants, fiber, and omega-3 fatty acids help protect the body against chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular damage, all of which are precursors to diseases. Research continues to explore how specific nutrients and food compounds can contribute to reducing disease risk. This helps establish dietary guidelines, such as limiting salt and sugar intake, to improve long-term health and enhance quality of life.