Nutritional genomics is an emerging field that explores the relationship between an individual’s genes and their response to specific nutrients. It comprises two key areas: nutrigenetics, which looks at how genetic variations influence an individual’s response to dietary intake, and nutrigenomics, which examines how nutrients affect gene expression. This field holds great promise for personalized nutrition, where dietary recommendations are tailored based on genetic makeup to optimize health and reduce disease risk. For example, individuals with certain genetic mutations may process fats or carbohydrates differently, affecting their risk for conditions like obesity or cardiovascular disease. Nutritional genomics research aims to identify these gene-diet interactions and develop personalized dietary interventions. By understanding how genes and nutrition interact, this research could lead to more precise nutritional strategies for preventing chronic diseases.