Nutritional health biochemistry delves into the relationship between nutrients and biochemical processes in the human body, providing critical insights into how diet influences health at the cellular and molecular levels. This field explores how macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) interact with various biological pathways that regulate metabolism, immune response, and cellular repair mechanisms. By understanding the biochemical functions of nutrients, researchers can establish connections between diet and the risk or progression of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. For example, antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables neutralize free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Nutritional biochemistry is fundamental in creating dietary guidelines and advancing personalized nutrition, as it allows healthcare providers to recommend nutrient-rich foods that optimize health outcomes and support long-term wellness.