Nutritional health biomarkers serve as measurable indicators of an individual's dietary intake, nutritional status, and health outcomes. Found in biological samples like blood, urine, or tissues, biomarkers include vitamin levels, fatty acid profiles, and inflammatory markers, offering a snapshot of a person's internal health and how well their dietary habits support it. They help in identifying nutrient deficiencies, assessing risks for diseases, and monitoring the effectiveness of dietary interventions. For example, levels of vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acids can indicate bone health and inflammation status, respectively. By analyzing these biomarkers, researchers can develop personalized dietary recommendations, potentially reducing disease risk and improving quality of life. Nutritional biomarker research also informs public health policies, helping populations achieve better nutritional standards and reduce healthcare burdens.