Nutritional system biochemistry studies how nutrients interact within the body at the molecular and cellular levels to support health and prevent disease. This field examines the biochemical pathways that govern the digestion, absorption, transportation, and metabolism of nutrients. For example, the breakdown of carbohydrates provides glucose for energy, while proteins are broken down into amino acids that serve as building blocks for muscle, enzymes, and hormones. The biochemistry of fats is equally critical, as they provide essential fatty acids and contribute to cell membrane integrity and signaling. Additionally, vitamins and minerals act as cofactors in countless metabolic reactions, impacting everything from immunity to bone health. Understanding these biochemical processes is essential for creating nutritional recommendations that optimize bodily functions, prevent nutrient deficiencies, and address specific health needs. Nutritional biochemistry forms the foundation for dietary guidelines and therapeutic diets, helping individuals achieve optimal health through well-informed food choices and nutrient intake strategies.